Topher McDougal is the author of the book, Gaia Wakes: Earth's Emergent Consciousness in an Age of Environmental Devastation . Topher’s research focuses on human-environment interaction, illicit trades (especially in small arms), and the economics of humanitarianism and peace. He is Professor of Economic Development & Peacebuilding at the University of San Diego’s Kroc School of Peace Studies, where he directs the graduate programs in Peace & Justice and Humanitarian Action. He teaches on economic development, environmental peace and justice, humanitarianism, black markets, research methodology and evaluation. His commentaries have also appeared in in the New York Times, The Conversation, The National Interest, LSE Blogs, Los Angeles Times, The Atlantic, and Fortune, among others.
